INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTIES: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE FOR UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

This article analyzes legal gaps concerning the statute of limitations for administrative liability, the execution of penalties, and the application of sanctions to minors and foreign nationals, based on foreign experience and international standards. The study substantiates the need to differentiate liability terms according to offense severity, create an independent mechanism for serving administrative arrest, and introduce a proportionality criterion in deportation cases. Drawing on Council of Europe recommendations and ECtHR precedents (the Engel and Jussila cases), it proposes improving national procedural guarantees and establishing comprehensive judicial control over the decisions of administrative bodies. Ultimately, conceptual solutions are developed to align Uzbekistan's administrative-delict system with human rights standards.