ETIOLOGY OF INSOMNIA AND ITS PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON THE HUMAN ORGANISM
Abstract
The study highlights the role of neurophysiological mechanisms, including the imbalance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as well as disruptions in circadian rhythm regulation and melatonin secretion. Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression are also identified as significant contributors to the development and persistence of insomnia. Furthermore, the research examines the wide-ranging physiological consequences of insomnia, including impaired cognitive function, weakened immune response, hormonal imbalance, and increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The psychological impact is also discussed, focusing on emotional instability, reduced concentration, memory impairment, irritability, and decreased quality of life. Insomnia is presented as a complex health condition requiring a comprehensive approach that addresses both its causes and consequences. The study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, preventive measures, and integrated therapeutic strategies to improve sleep quality and overall human health.
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