HEALTHY AND SAFE NUTRITION DURING THE EARLY MONTHS OF PREGNANCY
Abstract
Healthy and safe nutrition during the early months of pregnancy is essential for maintaining maternal health and supporting normal fetal growth and development. During this period, the maternal diet should provide adequate amounts of protein, complex carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins, minerals, and fluids. Particular attention should be paid to folate, iron, calcium, iodine, vitamin D, and other micronutrients whose requirements increase during pregnancy. At the same time, pregnant women should avoid or limit foods and beverages associated with foodborne infections, excessive mercury exposure, alcohol consumption, and excessive caffeine intake. A balanced dietary pattern based primarily on minimally processed foods, vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, dairy products, eggs, lean meat, and low-mercury fish may contribute to a healthy pregnancy. Food hygiene and appropriate thermal processing are also important components of safe nutrition during pregnancy.
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