BOLALAR SEREBRAL FALAJIDA KOMPLEKS FIZIOTERAPIYANING FUNKSIONAL NATIJALARGA TA'SIRI: ZAMONAVIY ILMIY YONDASHUVLAR
Abstract
Bolalar serebral falaji (BSF) – homila yoki erta bolalik davrida bosh miyaning rivojlanayotgan tuzilmalarining shikastlanishi natijasida yuzaga keladigan, harakat va tana holatini nazorat qilishning doimiy buzilishlari bilan tavsiflanadigan nevrologik sindromdir. Kasallikning klinik kechishi faqat harakat apparati bilan cheklanmay, balki nutq, kognitiv rivojlanish, sezgi, muvozanat, koordinatsiya hamda ijtimoiy moslashuvga ham salbiy ta'sir ko‘rsatadi. Jahon miqyosida BSF bolalarda nogironlikning asosiy sabablaridan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda va uning tarqalishi har 1000 tirik tug‘ilgan chaqaloqqa o‘rtacha 2–3 holatni tashkil etadi.
So‘nggi yillarda kompleks fizioterapiya usullarini qo‘llash BSF bilan kasallangan bolalarda funksional mustaqillikni oshirish, mushaklar tonusini me'yorlashtirish, muvozanatni yaxshilash va kundalik faoliyatni tiklashning muhim yo‘nalishiga aylandi. An'anaviy davolash usullari bilan bir qatorda Bobath terapiyasi, Vojta terapiyasi, PNF (Proprioseptiv nerv-mushak fasilitatsiyasi), mexanoterapiya, robotlashtirilgan reabilitatsiya, gidroterapiya va virtual reallik asosidagi mashg‘ulotlar tobora keng qo‘llanilmoqda.
Mazkur maqolaning maqsadi bolalar serebral falajida kompleks fizioterapiyaning funksional natijalarga ta'sirini zamonaviy ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida baholash, turli fizioterapevtik usullarning afzalliklari va cheklovlarini tahlil qilish hamda pediatrik reabilitatsiyada qo‘llanilayotgan innovatsion yondashuvlarni yoritishdan iborat.
Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, fizioterapiya imkon qadar erta boshlanganda va individual reabilitatsiya dasturi asosida olib borilganda bolalarning motor rivojlanishi, yurish qobiliyati, qo‘l funksiyasi, muvozanati hamda hayot sifati sezilarli darajada yaxshilanadi. Kompleks reabilitatsiya nevrologik tiklanish jarayonlarini rag‘batlantiruvchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi.
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