PATHOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH INADEQUATE EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS IN GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS AND THEIR PREVENTION

Abstract

The school environment is one of the major determinants of children’s physical, psychological and social well-being. Students spend a substantial proportion of their daily time at school; therefore, inadequate educational conditions may contribute to the development or aggravation of preventable health disorders. This thesis examines the principal health problems potentially associated with inappropriate physical and organizational conditions in general education schools and summarizes evidence-based preventive approaches. Particular attention is given to visual strain, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory and infectious diseases, physical inactivity, fatigue, and psychosocial stress. Important environmental risk factors include inadequate lighting, poor ventilation and indoor air quality, inappropriate furniture, prolonged static posture, insufficient physical activity, excessive academic workload, inadequate water and sanitation facilities, and insufficient opportunities for rest and recovery. A health-promoting school approach, based on regular environmental assessment, ergonomic adaptation, adequate ventilation and lighting, active breaks, physical activity, appropriate workload, hygiene measures, and school health services, should be implemented systematically. Prevention requires cooperation between educational institutions, healthcare professionals, parents, and public authorities. Creating safe, inclusive and health-oriented schools can contribute simultaneously to disease prevention, student well-being and improved learning outcomes.